Bolt.



MMMMMMM S.

BOLT.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 6.

'Monroe JAcosaor 'New Yosn, N. Y.

` Speciflcation of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 1908.

To all witam 'it om'wer'a'f`` Be it known that I, Monnls JAoons, acitrzen of the United States, residing at thesborough of Brooklyn, city of New York, inxthe county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Im-r` provements in Bolts, of which `the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the aocomp anying draw-ing, forming a part thereof.l i

My invention relates 'to means for preventing the aooidental or unintentional unsorew-r ing of ooperative sorew-threaded parts, such as bolts and nuts, by reason of jars or vibrations, such, for example, as are attend ant with use on the fish-plates of railroads, looomotives, fire enginfes, wagons'and oarriages of all kinds, elevators, electric and other cars, agricultural machinery and automobiles.

My invention has for its objects the effeo' tual. looking of the parts, the employment of nuts of ordmary construction, the avoidanoe of mutilation or injury in looking the parts or by reason of such looking, and the selftightening of the parts, whereby not only 'is unintentional unscrewing prevented but also a failure to tightly sorew up the parts is correoted and the vibration of use will cause the loose member to tighten'itself.

Another object of my invention is the ready intentional unsorewing of the parts when desired without mutilation or injury. Other objects of my invention will appear from the following description.

My invention includes a looking or olutoh member carried by the 'bolt and ada ted .to ro'ok in a groove -therein and provide with a threaded oonvex looking surface adapted to have looking engagement with the threaded conoave surface of the bolt hole in the nut or other threaded part coperative with the bolt, and my invention includes various improvements in construction hereinafter desorihed.

The embodiment of my inven-tion illustrated in the aooompanying drawings will now he partioularly desoribed with reference to such drawings, after whio'h I will point lout my invention in olaims. w

Figure 1 is an elevation showing my selflooking bolt and a nut looked thereon and ooaoting with the 'bolt in olamping two ohjects together, the nut being part'ly in seotion. Fig. 2 is a cross-section through the bolt, nut and looking cam as viewed 'from the outer or sorew end of the bolt, and shows the 'i i looking cam in non-looking position.

Aypxatumnea emma zaiste. f serio ro. 849.648;

Fig. 3 is a similar view, but wit the looking cam rooked to looking position. w,

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in the aocompanying drawings a bolt 1 has sorewed thereon a nut 2 which is adapted tofbe locked upon it h a'rookable looking bar or cam rooker'. T e nut 2 is an ordinary nut of the proper size to fit the bolt upon which it is sorewed.

The bolt 1 is provided with a 'Ion itudina'l V-shaped groove e having plane si es form- -ing a rentrant angle whose apex lies on a radius of the bolt, and such groove lies wholly at one side ofthe bolt diameter which ooinoides with such radius. 'The groove 4 is preferably of substantially ri ht-angular crosssection, as shown, and is s own as extending,

suhstantially throughout the length of the threaded fportion of the bolt. The groove e has one o its sides suhstantially radial to the axis of the bolt, but of less depth or width than the length of such radius, beingl shown as substantially one half thereof. The other angles to the radial side. Geometrically the elementsV of the last-named side form halves of ohords of which the elements of the other side are ,the radial erpendiculars. Therefore, this last-name side orl bottom of'the groove is of greater width than the other side -side of the groove is shown as being at right and interseets the eriphery or oiroumferenoe 4 of the bolt at oh ique angles. The groove as a whole is inclined to radial lines of the bolt, that is to say, a medial plane or hisector of the angle formed by the two sides of the groove is ohliquel inolined to a radial plane extendin from t intersection of the planes of the sides of the grooves. Although the two sides of the e axis of the bolt to the' groove 'are disposed at riglht angles to each other, they do not join ea hut are united by a rounded or oonoave portion las shown. o

For a bolt with '.'rilght-hand threads as shown in the drawings, the wider side of the groove when viewed from the sorew end of the bolt will extend to the ri ht from the radiall narrower side. For a bo t with lefthand threads the wider side of the groove other at an angle would extend to the left of the narrower side f groove.

faces join in a rounded or convex ed e adapted to pivotally seat or fulcrum in t ie correspondingly rounded or concave bottom of the The cam is adapted to rock in the groove u on this rounded edge or fulcrum 'edge whicl 'receives the looking thrust. When the cam is lin non-looking` position it reposes with its corresponding or adjacent and wider plane face in contact with the wider surface or side of the groove, as shown in Fig; 2;

The cam has a transversely ourved outer or circumferential face, the curvatureof .which is preferably about the same as that of the bo t, and' is shown as thesame; This cir'- fcu'mferential face of the cam is provided with threads oorresponding to and form' virtual continuations of the threads of t e bolt.

These threads on the cams are adapted to be' fi'ictionally engaged 'by the .threads of the nut to move the cam intoor out of'lockin position 'and to so maintain it.

' It is evident from the above description and from the drawings that if the nut be rotated relatively to the bolt to screW it up, the cam willbe moved by such frictionalv engagement to assume its inactive or non-looking position and lthe nut will run freely over the cam with but slightly greater friction than if such cam Were not present or substantially as it Would over an ordinary'bolt. Shouldthe nut have a'tendency 4to rotate in the opposite as an axis. The reason such looking move outward as the cam rotates.-

direction, such as Would unscrew it from the bolt, the friotion .of the coacting threads will 4rock the cam to a looking enga einent with.

cam-is rocked in one direction andis drawnA inward away therefrom when'rocked-'inthe opposite direction. .Itns' to 'he noted that,

as shown in Fig. 3, the ourved cam face grips substantially throughout its entire w width' upon'the nut.

When'the cam assumes a looking position the' clearance between the nut and the bolt is taken up' thei'ebv an`d the nut andbolt are forced to a` sliglitly eccentrio relation, the' extent'of whichde ends upon the amount of. clearance. As the two mterlocking' sur- .faces 'curve in the same direction afirm'gi'ip is secure'd over an extended surface and the':

threads of the nut are not marred vby any sharp corners or limited contact suiffhce's.

In t e Vthe looking e casef V-shapled'v threads as, shown,

ect is en anced bytheir wedgelike action.

to tighten it.

groove The looking cam 3 is as shown of about the length of the thickness of the nut in connection with which it is used, and may be. placed lat various locationsalong the groove 4 to oorrespond with the location of the nut when screwed honie. The cam is always placed so as to be not quite fiush With the back of the nut when the nut is screwed down to its limit, thus assuring that the cam be n'ot disarranged or disengaged by coming in contac-t With whatover 'objects the bolt may pass through. 'This is olearly shown in Fig. 1, Wherein two objects 5 and 6 are. shown as 'clamped together by the bolt -and nut.. The cam is retained in place or prevented from' dropping out'- by the vinterlocking of its threads with the'thread's of the nut. p

Any' jarl or vibration to which this selflocking bolt may be subjected incident to its use Will have the effect to tighten or maintain ltight the nut thereon.4 In. fact it has been found that if a nut be leftpartly unsorewed it will tighteii upof its own accord When subjected to vibration. Vibration'carrmove it only in the direction of tighterliii and will move it in that direction only, an the parts Will roll together and re eated vibrations Will tighten the nut and Wi l/ thus correct the error' of a'careless Workman whoneglected The nut is therefore not only self-looking but also self-tightening.

'If at/any time it is' desired to'funscrew the nut, the cam '3 may be forcibly rocked to nonlocking position by an suitable tool or by slightly tightening the ut and may be heldv in such position by any suitable means, as, for example, by theinsertion of a wooden 'toothpick, .and so held until the nut has beenv unsci'ewed beyond the lockingcam. No injury or mutilation of the nut need be ef'i'eoted in looking or unlocking the arts. i

. The terms "nut" 'and used for convenience in the above description and in the following o laims to designate two coperative threaded arts.

It is obvioiis that lmo "ficatio'ns may. be nijade in the construction shown and above partiularlydescribed within the principle and scope ofmy invention. 'i

, 1.-'The 'combination of ajsorew-threaded bolt having therein a -V-shaped longitudinal groove theapex line of* whose i'entrant' angle lies on a radial plane 'of the bolt andsuch groove lying wholly atone side of a bolt have' been diametrioal plane of the boltcoincidin with such radial plane, one of the. sides o such being substantially wider than the other, afscrew-threaded cam-rocker of less arc than the groove so las to be rockable the'rein and having two adjacent lane -faces joined in a fulcrurn-edge adapte to'pivotally seat 'in the bottom 'of the groove, the narrower side of the groove forinin an abut- I inent to prevent the ro ker from s 'pping as svaooa i it moves 'to looking position, one of the faces locked position of ,the rocker andbeing an-` gularly spaced therefrom in the Alooking position, and a screw-threaded nut coperative With the bolt and rocker, the rocker being adapted to have its screw threads frictionally engaged by the screw threads of the nut to rock the rocker upon its fulcrum-edge' 2. The combinatlon of 'a screw-threaded bolt having therein a V- sha edlongitudinal groove extending substantia ly the length of the threaded portion. thereof and theapex line of whose rntrant angle lies on a radial plane -of the bolt 'and such groove lyin'g wholly at one sideof a diametrical. lane of the bolt coinciding with ysuch ,radia plane, one vof the sides of such groove being substantially wider than the other, a screwthreaded cam-rocker of :less arc than the groove and less of length than the groove and placeable at different locations therealong and having two ad'acent plane 'faces one of which is substant'ia ly wider than the other, suchbwider .face lying in contactwith the wider side of the groove in the unlocked position of the rocker and being angularly spaced therefrom in the looking position, and a screw-threaded nut coperative with the bolt and rockerin` the various locations of f the rocker.-

3. The ,combination of a screw-threaded bolt provided Withl a longitudinal groove having plane sides formin a rentrant nonobtuse angle Whose apex es on a radius of the bolt and suchrgroove'l 'ng wholly at one side of the bolt diameter which coincides with such radius, 'one of the sides of such groove :being substantially wider than the other and i substantially Wider. than the shortest distance from .the apex'of the angle to the circumferential line of the bolt, a screw-threaded cam-rockerV of'less arc than the groove so as to be rockable therein and having 'two adj a- ,cent 'plane faces at an acute angle to each I other and' joined in 'a -fulcrum-edge adapted larly spaced therefrom in the looking posii to pivotally seat in' the bottom of the groove, the narrower' side of the groove forming a shoulder against which the fulcrum-ed e of the rocker abuts as the rocker rocks'to ocking position, one of the faces of the rocker being substantially Wider than the other and of' a width substantially greater than the shortest distance between the .apex of the above-named rentrant angle and-the circumferential line of the bolt, the wider face of the rocker being adj acentto the Wider side of the groove and in contact therewith in the unlocked position of the `rocker and angution, and a screW-threaded nut coperative with the bolt and rocker, the rocker being adapted to have it's screw threads frictionally engaged by the sorew threads of the nut to rock the rocker upon' its fulcrum-ed e.

4. The combination of a screw-t eaded bolt provided with a longitudinal groove ex'- tending substantially the length of the threaded portionthereof and having plane sides forrmng a reentrant non-obtuse angle, such sides being united to each other by a concave groove-fiortion, one of such sides being substantia y wider than the shortest distance from the groove to the circumferential line of the bolt and the other' of such sides being of a width equal to such distance, a screw-threaded cam-rocker havingtwo adjacent plane faces at an acute angle to each other and j oined in a convex edge adapted to pivotally vseat in the correspondingly concave bottom. of the groove, such rocker being of less arc than the oove so as to be rockable therein and of ess length than the groove so as to be placeableat different locations therealong and having one of its .faces 'substantially wider than the shortest distance'from the greatest depth of the'groove to the .circumferential line of the bolt and having its other face of a width not less than such shortest distance,

thmwider face ofthe rocker being adjacent to the Wider side of the oove and in contact therewith in the u ocked positionof the rocker and angularly spaced therefrom vin the looking posltlon, and a screw-threaded nut coperatlve with the bolt and rocker.

5. The combination of a screW-threaded` bolt having therein a V-sha ed lon 'tudinal groove extending substantia ly the ength of the threaded portion thereof, a screw-.

threaded cam-rocker of less arc than the lgroove so yas to be rockable therein and hav- 1n two adjacent plane faces joined in a 'fucrum-edge adapted to pivotally seat in the bottom of the groove, one side of the w Groove forming 'a shoulder against'which the ulcrum-edge of. the rocker abuts as the rocker rocks to looking position, the rocker being of less length than the groove and placeable at different locations therealon and a'screw-threaded nut coperative Wit the bolt and rocker in the different locations of the rocker, the rocker being adapted to have its screw threads frictionally en aged by the screw threads of the nut to roc the rocker upon its fulorum' edge.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in presence of two witnesses. MORRIS JACOBS.

Witnesses:

WM. AsHLEY KELLY,

BERNARD COWEN.

75 greatest depth of the 

